The Nature Of Reality Essay Example for Free

The Nature Of Reality Essay What is reality?   Throughout the history of mankind it seems that we have all been searching for the answer to this question.   The nature of reality cannot be explained in a way that will satisfy us all.   I believe that the nature of reality is lies within the mind of each of us.   What is reality for one person is not reality for another.   Reality is based on individual perception, and the evolution of each person.   What I mean by this is that each person goes through a type of evolution in his/her life where the mind begins to develop a higher awareness. Most of us begin to realize that there is more to the process of life than being born, aging, and dying.   Greek philosopher, Thales thought that â€Å"beneath the world of life and death there must be some basic substance which explained and made possible everything else,† (The Ionian School, undated website article). Many of us begin to believe that we are much more than our physical bodies.   And that leaving our bodies through death is not the end of our existence. Our life force, energy, or soul will continue to live on a different level or dimension.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Of course, believing in a sort of ‘life’ after death is a major topic of debate.   Philosophers continue to ponder if this could be reality, Christians structure their lives around this belief, and scientist argue that reality is only that which can be proven. â€Å"Clearly, the mere fact that one believes in and lives by something is not of itself sufficient evidence that that something has real, as distinct from fictional, existence; that, intellectually, it makes sense, as distinct from nonsense,† (Somerville, 1967).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I believe that just because we can’t prove something through science does not mean that something can’t exist.  Ã‚   For example, well-know psychics seem to be able to communicate with the dead, and predict future events often with amazing accuracy.  Ã‚   Even ordinary people who have had near-death experiences insist that there is something more, and often claim to have seen the other side of physical life.   Therefore, I believe that the nature of reality is different for everyone.   And the secret to reality is in our own minds.   I believe that what will be real in our lives, will be that which is real in our minds. References Somerville, J. (1967).   The Nature of Reality: Dialectical Materialism.   In The Philosophy of Marxism: An Exposition (pp.3-32).   Minneapolis: Marxist Educational Press. The Ionian School.   Retrieved February 24, 2007, from http://www.hol.gr/greece/texts/aristo.1txt.

Factors Influencing While Purchasing Tyres

Factors Influencing While Purchasing Tyres Abstract   In this project I have study of â€Å"factors influencing while purchasing tyres† JK tyres manufactured by Jk Tyre Industries. In this competitive era of marketing where the satisfaction of the customer towards the product is become first priority, it is therefore very important to analyze customer behaviour. Consumer behaviour can be looked upon as study of how individuals make decisions on how to spend their available resources like time, effort, money in various consumption related items. The understanding of customer needs and wants is one of the major underpinning construct of marketing. Without putting customer on the top company cannot get success, forgetting success every company should target customer, because market is totally customer oriented. This project evaluated which factors influence the customer most when he/she goes for purchasing tyres. Finally I have given some views and suggestions to the company with which they can satisfy the customer the most. Preface Inspite of theoretical knowledge gained through class room study, a person is incomplete if not  subjected  to practical exposure  of real corporate world. He may have to face hurdules, which will be difficult  to overcome  without any first hand experience of business. In this context, research program has been designed  to make aware of  happening of real business. The project entitled â€Å"Factors influencing  while purchasing tyres† with special refrece to JK tyres, has been done at New Delhi and Jalandhar as completion part of Msc International Business. In my work-based dissertation, we worked upon the analysis of the JK tyre industries in New Delhi and Jalandhar by customer attitude through  the personal contact and  questionnaires. During my work-based dissertation, I got opportunity to apply my theoretical skills and knowledge and meaningful concept to actual business condition and Familiarize  with the marketing activities of the products. All the work done on this  project is confined to my  broad objective. In today’s world of intense competition and rapid dynamism, all companies worldwide are tuning their focus on the customer. Suddenly, customer had succeeded in capturing all attention of the companies towards him, so much so, that maxim, â€Å"customer is god† has become so true and relevant today. There has been a paradigm shift in the thinking of these companies and none other than customer has brought this about. Earlier there was seller market, since the goods and services were in short supply and sellers use to call the shots. But ever since the advent of era of globalization there has been total transformation in the way of customers being perceived. Today, marketers are marketers are directing their effort in retaining customers and customer base. The customer importance has assumed imponderable proportion in today’s world because of inherent value that customers command. A customer can â€Å"make or break† the company. It is the responsibility of every company that to see all its customers are equally satisfied with them , for one single dissatisfied customer will tell at least nine other customer about the dissatisfaction and will spark off the chain reaction and spell doom for that company In the past customer were taken as ride, as there were not many players in the fields, not much importance was attached to product safety, quality, service and product appeal. The attitude of manufacturer was that of â€Å"Caveat-emptor†. Thanks to the government policies on liberalization, globalization and privatization, the market has changed today. Today customer has host of defence mechanism like customer protection laws, regulation of government, the powerful hands of organization, switching to or competitors. The maxim â€Å"Caveat-emptor† has been replaced by â€Å"Caveat-venditor†. In the past after sales service was consider as cost centre, companies were lethargic in attending the customer complaints. Availability of trainee service personal and quality genuine spare parts was serious problems. However, with rising competition, there could not be much product differentiation as product, quality was comparable and latest technology was with each and every company in the field.  Since there could not be much differential a tangible assets, the companies concentrated on the intangible assets normally service factor which served as major differentiator. Today after sales is considered as major aspect for every company and it is no more considered as cost centre but now it considered as profit centre Company profile JK tyre is only manufacturer of truck and bus tyres and second largest manufacturers of 4- wheelers. JK tyre and Industries in counted among the huge corporate entity which is the symbol of excellence, diversification and pioneering new technologies. Since its commencement it has been supreme in the value of technology which made it grow .JK tyre manufacturers and sells the tyres and tubes fot passenger car, truck, jeep, buses, multi utility vehicle,tractors and light commercial vehicle under its brand â€Å"JK tyre†. The company is the only manufacturer of ‘T’ ‘H’ high performance tyres in India. JK ranked â€Å"Highest in customer satisfaction with original tyres by J.D power Asia Pacific Study†. Its customers are mostly Replacement for four wheelers, entire Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) in India along with state and defence transport units. Moreover JK have customer base across 45 countries and 6 continents.   Administrative Office: Link House, 3, Bahadurshah Zafar Marg,   New Delhi 110 002 http://www.jktyre.com/j-k-industries-limited.html Vision mission Vision â€Å"To be amongst  most admired companies in India committed to excellence† Mission  ·Ã‚  Be customer obsessed company  ·Ã‚  No. 1 Tyre Brand in India  ·Ã‚  Deliver enhance value to all stakeholders  ·Ã‚  Most profitable tyre company in India  ·Ã‚  Enhance global presence through acquisition  ·Ã‚  Motivated and committed  team development  for high performance  organization http://www.jktyre.com/j-k-industries-limited.html Key developments JK tyre industries Earning results for first quarter declared 30.06.09 For the first quarter company has reported  net profit of INR 40.75 crores or earnings of Rs 9.92per share on the Net Sales of INR 897.67 Crores In gross sales has been INR 964.58 Crores .The board [emailprotected] 27% dividend on equity shares for the financial year ended 31 march 2009 . Companies profit before tax had been INR 62.16 crores and operating  profit was INR 107.14 Crores. Performance  during the quarter has significantly improved on account of all round cost reduction measures, better operating  effeciencies, productivity, and richer product mix. First tyre company to receive ISO 14001. First and only tyre company to export passenger  car radial to Europe. World’s first tyre manufacturer to get QS9000 for its operation. India’s first to get ISO 9001. JK tyre is pioneer in promoting Rallying, karting, motor sports, JK tyre  pioneer of steel radial technology. Customer satisfaction JK tyre is the preferred choice of the all leading vehicle manufacturers in India like Maruti (http://www.jktyre.com/directors-report06.pdf) BEML (http://www.overdrive.in/story-news-general_news/jk_tyre_to_produce_otr_tyres-12662-0.html) Ashok Leyland (http://www.financialexpress.com/news/truck-tyre-mkt-on-road-to-radialisation/88811/) TATA Motors Mahindra Force motors Volvo (http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/iw/2008/03/09/stories/2008030950701100.htm) JK Tyre meets ISO 9001, QS9000, ISO14001,E-MARK, DOT,IN METRO standards where ever applicable. JK Tyres efficient RD department is deeply involved in making improvements in the product performance, quality, and bring out new products. Company aims to give satisfaction to its customer by offering high quality and cost effective tyres and tubes. (http://www.jktyre.com/quality-policy.html) History of the company On 14 February 1951 JK organization was incorporated as a private limited company. Till 31 March 1970, the company was involved only in the business managing agency. After that, company took manufacturing activities and in February 1972 company obtained the letter of intent for production of automobile tyres and tubes. In 1974 company manufactured 4 lakh automobiles tyres and tubes per annum then on 1st April 1974 company was converted into public limited company. After this company promoted manufacturing project, it was done by J.K. Synthetics Ltd and straw Products Ltd. The company took international step by collaboration with General Tire Co.,U.S.A.,which was subsidiary of General Tire Rubber Co.,U.S.A. ,this collaboration was for the technical services which was for about 5 years and sales agreement for the supply of technical know-how, engineer and documentation for operation facilities for eight years. According to the agreement, J.K. tyre had right to use on its products the wording made in the collaboration with General Tire Co. Company renewed its technical collaboration agreement for further 5 years. In 1987 apart from 51 days strike as well as go slow from 14 October  the overall working resulted in substantial profits. Since the strike was resolved efforts were made to launch a new pattern in steel belted Radial tyres and it was introduced for Maruti Gypsy and Tata Mobile by the company in 1988. The company proposed install latest and sophisticated RD equipement by incurring expenditure of Rs 300 lakh.   Due to RD in 1989 company introduced several new pattern and sizes of tyres including a semi-lug Nylon Truck tyre, and got good response from the market. In 1991 Hidrive Finance Ltd., Radial Finance Ltd., Handeep Investment, J.K International Ltd., J.K Asia Pacific, Shivdham Properties, Pancham Investment ltd., became the subsidiaries of the companies. By 1992 company international division expanded its activities by opening its office in Moscow( Russia) apart from company’s subsidiaries already in U.K and Hongkong. Market well accepted the radial tyres for tractors launched previous year. In 1993 company introduced new brands of radial tyres ‘Brute’ and ‘Ultima’. After this compony started manufacturing steel belted radial tyres for the prestigious cars like Mercedes Benz, Peugeot,Daewoo race and Opel Astra. Market well received the new patterns developed for bus and trucks ‘PE-T8’. Despite of rise in inputs cost and cost of raw material and the competion company maintained its progress. Company attained higher capacity and all around cost reduction on both plants at Jaykaygra and Banmore. Many new generation cars accepted the J.K steel radial as T- rated ultima launched and was accepted by Daewoo’s ‘Cielo’ and then Mercedes benz india also choosed J.K steel radial  after this it G.M’s ‘Astra’. Then next were `Peugekot FIATs, `UNO and M Ms `Ford. After this company launched premium tyre to meet heavy load market which was ‘Jet Trak’-39 with this company launched new tractor rear tyre ‘SONA’ which was also greatly accepted by the market. During 1996 company launched car tyre JET Drive XS,and nylon car tyre for maruti along with semi-lug and heavy duty lug tyre for trucks. In radial category, Ultima XR Radial, a terrain tyre was introduced. All these tyres got good response from the consumers. Companies both the plants were operated at full capacity. In radial tyres units also launched dual contact high traction and high performance Aquasonic steel radial car tyre. As company had loan repayment of Rs 635 crores it proposed to reduced its debt by 125 crore in 2000. J.K tyre and the Indian oil corporation came  collaboration to install digital air pressure gauges and setting up sales out at IOC petrol station across the country. In 2001 managing director of J.K Industries Raghupati singhania was selected 19th chairman of ATMA (Automotive Tyre Manufacturers Association). J.K Industries in 2003 got new Marketing Director as Mr. Ajay Kapila who was earlier  Senior-Vice President in Kinetic Engineering Ltd. J.K. tyres merged with Vikrant tyres along with the non tyre business, sugar and agriculture into separate companies which were J.K Sugar Ltd and J.K Agri-Gentics Ltd. On 2nd April 2007 J.K Industries Ltd changed their name to J.K tyre and Industries Ltd. (http://www.moneycontrol.com/stocks/company_info/company_history.php?sc_did=JKT01) History of JK Organisation JK Organisation owes its name to late Lala Juggilal Singhania, dynamic personality with broad vision. Inspired by the cause of Swadeshi movement of Mahatma Gandhi and driven the zeal to set up an Indian enterprise .Lala Kamlapat Singhania founded JK organization in 19 century ushering in new industrial era in India. The process of industrialization and diversification was worthily and successfully carried on by Lala Kamlapat’s illustrious sons –Sir Padampat, Lala kailashpat, Lala Lakshmipat, aided in no small measures by the Late Gopal Krishna son of Sir Padampat. (http://www.jktyre.com/founders.html) 1933- Juggilal Kamlapat cotton Spinning and Weaving Mills Co. Ltd was the first to manufacture calco prints in the country. In 1940 J.K iron and steel Co Ltd manufactured first time steel bailing hoops for jute and cotton with which country became self sufficient in meeting the entire demand. Then in 1944 they produced first time  aluminium virgin Metal from the Indian  Bauxite at  Aluminium  corporation of India Ltd, Jaykaynagar. There after J.K engineer files manufactures first time in India Engineering files in 1949. In 1959 they were the first one to set up a continuous process plant of Rayon.  In 1960 J.K Iron steel Co Ltd at Kanpur manufactured for the first time in the country a hydraulically operated cane crushing Mill for their sugar plant in Khandsari and then they completed their 100 ton plant. During 1961 J.K chemical set up world’s first plant for production Hydrosulphite of soda by the amalgamation process of sodium. Similarly in 1962 they their company J.K synthetics Ltd at kota produced first time nylon-6 with its own polymerised raw material in India. J.K Chemicals Ltd was the first one to produce sodium formaldehyde in India. In  1968 they produce T.V sets in India along with Metallic Cops for Synthetic Filament yarn  industries.  In 1969 J.K synthetics manufactured acrylics fibres in the country for the first time in the country and J.K synthetics Ltd developed Dyeable Nylon. In 1973 they were the first to the licence Synthetic fibre technology to third party and produce Synthetic Fibre Machinery. In 1976 they produce steel belted radial for the first time in india  for the trucks, buses and passenger cars in their tyre plant at kankroli and then they make steel belted radial tyres for three wheelers which was manufactured for the first time in the world. In 1984 they produced white cement in India for the first time in India  through dry process. Then J.K Synthetics produced Cathonic Dyeable fibre first time in India and nylon tyre cord based on Spin Draw Technology. In India J.K magnetic produced first magnetic tapes with cobalt technology.  In 1991 company set up a tyre palnt at Banmore with annual capacity 5.7 lakh tyres. Then in 1992 HASTERI RD centre was established bu the company after two years in 1994 they launched India’s first T-rated tyre and Banmore tyre plant crossed 100 TPD. Next year mecedez benz was launched on J.K tyres and they got the ISO 9001 which was given to first time in history to tyre manufacturer. In 1996  they introduced steel wheels and launched first time in India dual contact high traction  steel radial- aquasonic. Next was the big year for the compay they acquired Vikrant tyres ,awarded national export award for 96-97, first and the only tyre manyfacturer to get ‘E’ mark certification, they launched first H rated tyre and their research institute got ISO 9002.  In 1998 they were awarded capexil’s highest export award for 1997-98, got QS 9000. In 1999 Jk tyre was ranked world’s 16 largest tyre company, synergy with VTL in procurement, marketing and production flexibility, they got ISA-14000 certificate for environment and safety. In 2000 National Go-Karting  championships were introduced by the company. In 2001 company received CAPEXIL award and FOCUS LAC export award. In this year 2nd Go-karting championship was held by the company. (http://www.jktyre.com/milestones.html) Jk tyre acquisition of Mexican tyre company tornel JK tyre acquired Mexican based –company with the annual capacity of 6.6 million tyres ,this deal cost Rs 270 crores. This deal made the JK tyre No.1 tyre maker in the country as their annual capacity increased to 15 million units because they have surpassed Apollo tyres which was earlier No.1 with the capacity of 8-10 million. This acquisition not only gives JK tyres an additional tyres but access to the  lucrative market of Latin and North America. (http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdf?vid=5hid=3[emailprotected]) The company is planning to sell both the brands JK and Tornel in U.S and Canada. They have planned to spend million more on the Tornel plants to add new shape to JK  brand and launch the JK radial and Tornel passenger and light truck brands  for U.S customers. (http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?vid=10hid=101[emailprotected]bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=bthAN=35120934)   JK tyre and motor sports It’s been two decades that the JK tyre is closely related to adventurous world of motor sports. JK tyre has been constantly  promoting motorsports not just only to discover several winners, but also using their awareness and knowledge of RD department  to develop tyres on which world can race upon. JK tyre realised the absence of the infrastructure, which is necessary for the accomplishment of the motorsports in India. Over the last five years, JK tyre has embarked over Rs 15 crore to support the motorsport in India. (http://www.jktyre.com/motorsports/jk-in-motorsports-history.html) Global presence Jk tyre along with its associates Vikrant Tyres Ltd is the leading exporter of tyres from the country which counts roughly 26% of exports. JK tyre is the world’s first manufacturer of tyre to receive ISO 9000 along with QS 9000 for its operations. Across the world only JK tyre has received has certificate of QS 9000 for its multilocation operations. In the country it is only JK tyre was the first company to receive ISO 14001 in recognition of its environmental management systems. Nowadays, products manufactured by JK tyres compete with international players in the international market across the world. The products are exported to to more than 55 countries and in 6 continents. The company has robust and well developed distribution network for exports and the distributors get the full support from technical team for the product development so that they can meet the market requirements. JK tyre products are internationally certified in Europe, US, Middle East and South America. For commitment of offer in superior quality , standards and path-breaking breaking innovation the company has received numerous awards for exports for  last years.in 1999-00 JK being the largest tyre exporter to Latin America it was acknowledged  by the Indian trade promotion organization (ITPO).  In 200-01 company was honoured with ‘The Special Export Award’ from Capexil, with this company made its fourth consecutive award from India’s premier industrial association. JK tyre is constantly making any eefort to deliver value to customerswith along with sound marketing strategy forms which are establishment consistent performance in international market.   To develop new products of excellent and distinguished products so that they can compete in the international market, JK tyre had had maintained its marketing and distribution strategies for export market. This credit goes to India’s biggest in-house RD centre, HASTERI (Hari Shankar Singhania Elastomer And Tyre Research Institute). This centre is well equipped with latest testing facilities which helps in getting excellence by evolving technologies for superior product performance and it also reduces waste and thinks about the consumer needs. All over JK tyre has obtained many milestones. Despite of , bencjmarking customer sevice and plans to bring in several pioneering technologies there, a lot which will roll out in future in JK tyre’s winning path. (http://www.jktyre.com/global-business.html) JK tyres in North America In Mexican based company Tornel, JK tyre bought 100% stake. By this move JK tyre got access in the markets Of US along with this company can entered into the markets of South America. Tornel has total three manufacturing units with total capacity of 6.6.Million tyres per annum (http://www.business-standard.com/india/storypage.php?autono=319837) Technology at JK tyres Error proof Computer Aided Design Analysis JK tyres use updated tools and techniques which help them to figure out  and annihilate failure at the drawing board only. World class manufacturing on Automatic Machines Manufacturing of radials is done at air-conditioned plant fitted with the finest machinery to provide customer consistent good quality. Rigorous Testing Before the JK tyres reach the market it has to go through tough validation tests, both indoor and outdoor. Jk is one of the few companies that test their tyre so rigorously. Network of JK tyre Marketing Steel Wheels With the objective of meeting customer demand s and bringing best products and services form the customers, JK tyre established franchised chain nationwide retiled outlets as JK tyre steel wheels. It is considered to be one stop solution for the problems of and requirements of tyres and their services. In these they provide facilities like computerized wheel alignment, automated tyre changing, wheel balancing, air care, tyre rotation with the high technology and trained personnel guidance. Dial-a-tyre JK tyre has started delivering the tyre at the customer’s door. With this JK trained technician will deliver and fit the tyres at a pre-appointed time. In this wheel changing, balancing, and alignment is including. This step is user friendly to make the customer comfortable and for his convenience. AD-Campaigns JK tyre launched different types of ad campaigns to promote the product and the brand. The company publicized its product by placing its information in the media. Following are some of the ad-campaigns of JK tyres. Products JK tyre is leading manufacturer of tyres in India. It manufactures tyres  for entire segment of Truck/Bus, LCV, Passenger and Farms. Truck/ Bus-: JK Tyre is the leader in the segment of Truck/ Bus tyres. It has 70% market share in the truck and bus tyre segment. However this is very small sector Indian market but it is expected to grow in near future. They make Bias and radial types of tyres for this segment.   LCV-: In LCV segment they manufacturer such type of tyres and this they provide Bias and Radial. JK is the second largest  market share . Corporate social responsibility initiative by JK tyres J.K tyre believes that they get numerous inputs from the society, it adds value to these and offers the needed products and services to public at large. The profit which company makes is the enhancement by the public for value added. The purpose of CSR is enhance the government efforts by helping the citizen of the country, with which they can lead life which is prosperous, healthy, happy and more meaningful. It is believed that it is not only the job of the government to do the needful to the extent needed. That’s where the role of corporate citizen comes. In fact, it is helping ourselves because inputs and outputs comes from society and go back to society. So it is long run. J.K tyre and Industries undertook three major initiatives, 2004 onwards, as per deliberation in the central HRD Committee, presided over by Shri Hari Shankar Singhania, where all presidents and all time directors are members. Adult Literacy In 1950 the condition of china and india  was same i.e 18% of literacy. If the so huge population is illetrate then it is very difficult to imagine society making scientific progress and citizen leading purposeful and meaningful lives. From1950 there has been progress in this issue. China has got illiteracy 95% but our country got stuck at  65%. Looking at this J.K group took initiative, started  in may 2004  has made 6900 citizens of the country literate. Today, another 700 are participating in learning session in 30 groups at 10 different locations  in different six local languages viz. Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Oriya, Gujarati Hindi, under the guidance of our plants local management. The company has target for the year 2009 which 3000 plus.  The various place where classes are taken are J Central Pulp Mills at Songadh in Gujarat], Lakshmi Cement in Sirohi Rajasthan, J K sugar nr. Barielly, Fenner [ Hyderabad Madurai], J K agri in Hyderabad. For this company use the software developed by M/s TCS at the locations. The photograph shows a class in progress in a village near Hyderabad, organized by J K agri.K Tyre [ Banmore nr. Gwalior, Vikrant in Mysore, Kankroli in Rajasthan], J K paper [Rayagada in Orissa Prevention Of Hiv / Aids : Focus on Outside Community Mainly truckers and their helpers who are highly attacked by the disease HIV/AIDS. Looking at this scenario J.K tyre started in November 2005, and is supporting three clinics in situated at National Highway at Indore, Dhanbad, and Vishwa karma Nagar. J K Tyre supports the work being done by Melinda Bill Gates Foundation in collaboration with TCI Foundation. Awareness is the main objective of the project so that people should use preventive measures. In ‘Infotainment Melas  which are held near the clinics company also participate , in these mela’s entertainment is combined with spreading message. Despite of 3 clinics run by TCI foundation and supported by JK tyre , one clinic named â€Å"JEEVAN KIRAN† which is fully financed by JK tyre has been opened in Nov 2007 at Transport Nagar, Jaipur and 2nd clinic at shahpura on NH-8, which 70 Km short of Jaipur on way from Delhi on 25th May 2008. It’s day-to-day operations are controlled and managed by NGO called, â€Å"Vatsalya†. Till now , in all five clinics more than 39000 persons have been attended to for ailments, of which 9590 were treated  for STI’s [sexually transmitted infection] and rest for general ailments. Suspected cases were  referred to government centres. Prevention Of Hiv / Aids : Inhouse , Focus on Our Employees JAN 2008 = MOU signed ; between ILO [Internationaal Labour Organization] for helping us in this endeavour ; also a 2 hr presentation was made to group of Sr executives by ILO. March 2008 = J K TYre HIV /AIDS POLICY was announced has been widely disseminated. Four pillars of this policy are : AWARENESS, NON-DISCRIMINATION, CONFIDENTIALTY CPOLLABORATION. APRIL 2008 = among employees a survey was carried out at all the location to assess the level of knowledge on the subject by an outside agency. MAY 2008 = among the employees training of 31 master trainers  by ILD took place who will address the other employees for 2 hour awareness session at all location. By the starting of July 2008, approximately 7000 employees took part in the  2 hour awareness program addressed by the Master trainers/Peer Trainersand this was highly appreciated by the workers and unions. HIV / AIDS, As additional initiative in 2008 for Observing WORLD AIDS DAY ON 1st  December 2008 Company joined  TCI foundation in observing the WORLD AIDS DAY at 13 locations across India [Delhi, Kanpur, Ghaziabad, Agra, Varanasi, Jaipur, Indore, Nagpur, Pune, Dhandbad, Jamshedpur, Hyderabad, Bangalore] The function called Truckers ‘Utsav was attended by 22000 truckers which combined awareness generation  with entertainment. Many invitations went out in transport community with J.K tyre logo. JK tyre also facilitates their products and banners and speaks few minutes about the company on the mike. (http://www.jktyre.com/corporate-social-responsibility.html) What is tyre? Review of literature What is Tyre? â€Å"A tyre is just black and round with hole in the middle. Actually, it’s a complex piece of high technology that is essential for the passenger safety and the efficient running of the vehicle. It’s a composite product. A tyre is a composite product that is, an inseparable assembly of materials with very different properties, whose manufacture demands great precision.†Ã‚   (http://www.michelin.co.uk/michelinuk/en/car-van-44/what-tyre/20070301111326.html) Structure of Tyre  ·Ã‚  Tread is that part of which comes into contact with road. It provides high grip, longer life durability  and protects carcass.  ·Ã‚  Steel belt also protects carcass and provides stiffness to tread.  ·Ã‚  The work Spiral layer contributes to high durability and manoeuvrability.  ·Ã‚  Shoulder being thickest part of the tyre it saves the carcass from outer shocks and damages.  ·Ã‚  Side wall being most flexible protect the carcass and provides comfortable ride to the driver.  ·Ã‚  Main body of the tyre is ply cord, it’s that which manages inflation pressures and endures load and road shocks.  ·Ã‚  Bead filler contributes in the high durability as well as manoeuvrability.  ·Ã‚  A bead wire is that part which hold tyre on rim.  ·Ã‚  Heat generated due abrasion of bead and rim flange id protected by chafer. NOTE: Construction of tyre may vary with size and pattern. (http://www.bridgestone.co.in/tyre/tyreknowledge/radialtyre.asp) Maintenance of tyre Maintenance of tyres is very essential to obtain the best performance. Following steps should be followed for proper maintenance of tyres-: Proper tyre mounting and de-mounting  ·Ã‚  New tube should be used with new tyre.  ·Ã‚  It should be kept in mind that tyre and tube are of same brand.  ·Ã‚  Combination of tyre and rim should always be correct.  ·Ã‚  Rim should be dirt and rust free and no bend should be there on the rim.  ·Ã‚  It should check that rim valve is smooth and round.  ·Ã‚  Before the tube is placed in the tyre, it should be cleaned the properly.  ·Ã‚  Mounting machines should used as much as possible and use of hammers and chisel should be avoided.  ·Ã‚  Ensure that before mounting and de-mounting tyre beads are lubricated.  ·Ã‚  Before inflating the tyre, ensure that tyre beads are seating correctly on rim or not. Tyre balancing An un-balanced tyre may cause vibration. So it is very important. Balancing  of tyre should be done under following circumstances-:  ·Ã‚  When vehicle covers 5000 Km  ·Ã‚  If vehicle is coming across any vibration  ·Ã‚  Mounting/de-mounting Tyre rotation Tyres must be rotated if any defect is found or vehicle have covered the distance of 5000 Km. First tyre  rotation is very important as it sets stage for long and even for tyre wear. Wheel alignment  ·Ã‚  Proper wheel alignment should be maintained of the vehicle.  ·Ã‚  It should done when ever required or after every 5000 Km. Daily tyre check Every morning before starting the vehicle, tyres should be properly checked. If the damages are exposed in the tyre, it should be cha

Transmission of Wireless Message based on Embedded System

Transmission of Wireless Message based on Embedded System Transmission of Wireless Message based on Embedded System with Robotic Arm INTRODUCTION: 2.1) This career episode describes the project Transmission of Wireless Message based on Embedded System with Robotic Arm. I started off this project under the guidance of my assistant professor and with a team of two engineers including myself, during the last three months (October 2012-December 2012) of 7th semester while pursuing Bachelors of Engineering (Electronics and Communication) from Gujarat Technological University, India. The assigned duration for the project was three months and with the help of my professor, we were able to complete each task of the project on time. This project was implemented as a part of my academic curriculum Wireless Communication. For this project, I was working as an Electronic Engineer. BACKGROUND: 2.2) In this universe of learning and understanding all the things that are nearby, is controlled through machines, having the ability to compute. This specialized excellence and integration in various departments can prompt an exceptional alteration in everyones lives particularly interchanges department. Because of different alterations in innovations, numerous frameworks are made with stunning advancements. The most innovative one is the Embedded Systems. Embedded system is the advancement or further improvement of computer science framework. Its application give colossal chances to innovative utilization of PC innovation. Verging on each new framework presented in the business sector is a case of Embedded System. 2.3) The framework which we have created is a utilization of an Embedded System. At first, we began off with the manner of thinking of building up a wireless message roundabout model which could help both establishments and in addition enterprises. A further research into the framework prompted the possibility that equivalent framework can act like a concentrated framework for ambitions, for example, managing, observing plus correspondence keeping aside human intercession. 2.4) Project Objective To describe in few sentences, my projects main deliverable was to send the data from one place to another place through transmitter and receiver using RF technology. The microcontroller works as brain of the unit. Microcontroller controls the functions of the LCD, conveyor belt motors, and vertical/horizontal motor track motor in order to perform desired action/task using robotic arm (mechanical hand). 2.5) My roles and responsibilities included: Selection of electric components Simulation of Motors, LED and LCD using Proteus Programming of ATMEGA16 microcontroller using BASCOM software. Assist in constructing mechanical hand and conveyor belt Schedule weekly meetings to discuss goals and achievements Assist in maintaining documentation. 2.6) Project mechanism PERSONAL ENGINEERING ACTIVITY 2.7) Training We decided to go for training first since it really helped us to move forward without a hurdle in my work. It is required for the beginners to undergo a training session in order to acquire knowledge and develop skills at an industry level. This also helped me to understand the difference of work culture between industry and college level.ÂÂ   In the practice session under the guidance of my professor, initially we discussed the design process of the project and different components to be used on the transmitter and receiver side such as microcontroller, USB to UART convertor, encoder, and sensors. I also learnt the software Proteus and BASCOM for the simulation of motors, LED, LCD and programming the microcontroller. Furthermore, safety training sessions were also given to build mechanical hand and designing circuit in the safest way possible. Before the implementation of any task, we were given proper safety measures. 2.8) Software Before starting the hardware implementation, I decided to learn the software Proteus. Proteus is an open source software used for simulation of electric circuit and has the ability co- simulate and interact with software running in the microcontroller. I learnt this software by referring tutorial videos and simulating sample electric circuits. In this project, I used Proteus for the simulation of motors, UART, LED and LCD. Furthermore, I also used the software named BASCOM. BASCOM AVR is an intense and simple to-use compiler for the AVR arrangement of smaller scale controllers created by Atmel. It took me hardly any time to master this software since it was very easy. The system accompanies an extremely easy to use interface and an arrangement of straightforward summons, and gives more adaptability than different projects in this classification. Anyone with some fundamental learning of C or C++ can compose a fruitful system utilizing BASCOM, as the majority of its capacities and its announcement structure is like those in C. 2.9) Hardware implementation After training, I started my research to select the most appropriate components for hardware implementation refereeing and comparing datasheets of each component. Keeping in mind the guidelines of designing a circuit, on the transmitter side included computer, usb to serial converter, microcontroller, encoder and transmitting module. Whereas on the receiver side, I used receiving module, microcontroller, LCD display, IR and metal sensors. For the conveyor belt, we used two DC motors to pass an object on the belt. In this project, we also introduced a robotic arm (mechanical hand) as an application which can reduce the human efforts and controlling can be done effectively. There were some difficulties which we faced while constructing the mechanical hand i.e. we built the arm using two DC motors but while using it, we realized that it delivers low torque. Therefore, we discussed this issue with our professor and we came up the solution to build the arm using a combination of BO and DC motor. We designed this mechanical hand at very low cost which is very efficient and can be used in many production industries for packaging or assembling goods which mitigates physical labor, consumes less time and reduces risks as well.ÂÂ   The mechanical hand in this project was used to pick an object from the conveyor belt and put it to a required place as per the application. ÂÂ   Conveyor BeltRobotic Arm ÂÂ   Transmitter SectionReceiver Section 2.10) Pseudo flow of the system: Input is provided via Computer which is converted in to serial using UART. The serial data is sent to the microcontroller which is then encoded using encoder and transmitted via RF through transmitting antenna. Receiving module receives the message and passes it to the microcontroller. Microcontroller starts processing the program implemented on it. This leads the motor drive to provide high signal current to the motors which drives the conveyor belt and mechanical hand motors. If there is a metal/object detected on the receiver side of the conveyer belt using metal/IR sensor. The conveyor belt stops and the robotic arm performs its action depending upon the programming implemented on the microcontroller i.e. picks up the object and puts it at a required place as per the coding implemented in the ATMEGA16 microcontroller. SUMMARY: 2.11) This project was to give the ways for providing bigger effective mechanical hand for industrial applications. The achievement of this hand is to demonstrate that reliable grasping can be achieved with inexpensive mechanism and IR sensors. This hand can grasp variety of objects with different surface properties and sizes, having no need to rebuild a surface description of the object. Overall, the journey of the project was very productive, learnt new skills and enhanced acquired skills. We submitted our project with final documentation and a presentation with the prototype to our head of department and tutor. Although we faced many difficulties during this project but we never gave up. The toughest part was to build the mechanical hand and time constraint but working with a team made this project successful.

Hugo Chávez Essay -- Biography Chavez President Venezuela Essays

Hugo Chà ¡vez El Comandante! El Comandante! If you scream that in the streets of Venezuela, there is only one person you could possibly be referring to – Hugo Chà ¡vez. The current president of the South American country, Venezuela, has been in power for the past four years. His time in office has been criticized by most and glorified by some. He has had the backing of other countries such as Cuba, Colombia, Brazil, Libya and Iraq. On the other hand, the United States has had a continuous growth of confusion for Chà ¡vez’s actions. The leader’s intentions have been surrounded by a circle of uncertainty. Chà ¡vez’s life as president or even before those days has been far from interesting. Hugo Chà ¡vez has been a leader, a commander and a revolutionist. Hugo Rafael Chà ¡vez Frà ­as was born in Sabaneta de Barinas, a small town in the lightly populated savannah. His young life was simple. He grew up selling bananas and sowing corn. He enjoyed the academics and had a thirst for knowledge. Chà ¡vez excelled in baseball, the country’s national pastime. Josà © Là ³pez, Chà ¡vez’s baseball coach, described the youngster as, â€Å"A tough little kid, mischievous, a real talker and dreamer, but as tenacious as hell† (Rother). As he grew up he had a growing curiosity towards the military and those with power. He was assigned to many regions where he performed different duties. He also had the opportunity to meet numerous people. A former classmate and friend of Chà ¡vez, Jesà ºs Hernà ¡ndez recalled, â€Å"We were a group of four or five captains who used to jog together in the afternoons, and one day in 1983 Chà ¡vez suggested we swear an oath to fight against corruption and for the welfare of our country†¦from that moment on, we began to study the pr... .... Is this the president we have been waiting for Works Cited Buxton, Julian. Failure of Political Reform in Venezuela. Aldershot, New Hampshire: Ashgate Publishing, 2001. Ellner, Steve, and Daniel Hellinger, eds. Venezuelan Politics in the Chà ¡vez Era. Colorado: Lynne Rienner Publishers, Inc., 2003. Rother, Larry. â€Å"Chà ¡vez Shaping Country to His Vision.† The New York Times. On-line. Internet. 28 July 2000. Available WWW: http://www.nytimes.com/library/world/americas Schemo, Diana Jean. â€Å"Renegade Officer Favored in Venezuelan Election.† The New York Times. On-line. Internet. 6 December 1998. Available WWW: http://www.nytimes.com/library/world/americas â€Å"Venezuela’s Chà ¡vez plans to rule until 2013.† CNN Presents. CNN. 14 July 2002. Wilson, Scott. â€Å"Political Deadlock Bolsters Chà ¡vez.† The Washington Post 20 January 2003: A15.

Chushingura :: essays research papers

In the play Chushingura, retainers have the highest respect for their masters. Retainers in this play will fight to the death to honor their masters. Loyalty is expected of each retainer even if the samurai must disturb public order to honor their master’s name. Enya’s retainers stay loyal to him even after his death. Forty-seven men swore to revenge their master’s death, risking their lives and disturbing public order. Even when a retainer fails his duty, he will seppuku so to die honorable for his failure. For example, Kampei believes he has shot his father in law because of the bag of gold the mistress described that Yoichibei was carrying. In reality Kamei shot Yoichibei’s killer, but ironically Kampei believes he has shot Yoichibei himself. Kampei seppuku’s for a horrible crime that he unknowingly didn’t commit because it was so dishonorable to him. Suicide was his only way to die with any honor. Kampei portrayed so much loyalty for his family that when he believes he has failed, he commits suicide. Kampei is allowed to join the attack on Moronao after the retainers see his loyalty to his family. Enya, on his deathbed, tells Yuranosuke to avenge his death. Now it is Yuranosuke’s duty to ful fill his master’s request. Enya’s loyal retainers form a group of forty-seven men and conspire to kill Moronao to honor their master. The retainers wear black and white coats that symbolize unfailing loyalty when they invade Moronao’s compound and behead him. Samurai’s have a duty to be loyal and fulfill the request of his master. Justice is a theme that the play implies about the samurai. Throughout the play Moronao insulted people, so in the ending, Enya’s retainers serve justice. For example, Moronao insults Wakasanosuke because lady Kaoyo turns him down. Wakasanosuke plans to kill him and is ready to

The Paradox of Rich-to-Poor Capital Flow Essay -- North-South Capital

According to the Solow Growth Model, all countries will eventually converge to their long run steady state. If we consider the usual assumptions, of countries producing the same goods with the same constant returns to scale production technology, using (homogenous) capital and labour as factors of production, differences in income per capita income will reflect differences in per capita capital. Therefore, essentially if capital is allowed to flow freely, new investments should occur only in the poorer economy. However this is certainly not the case in reality. Most of the net capital flow in the past four decades has been north-to-north (rich countries investing in other rich countries), rather than north-south (rich economies investing in poorer ones) as predicted by the Solow Growth Model. Lucas (1990) compares the USA and India using data from 1988 to show that capital does not flow from rich to poor countries as predicted by the neoclassical growth model, and in setting out his simple framework he illustrates the paradox that exists. Assuming a production function y = Ax^B, the relative marginal productivity of capital (MPK) will be given by- rIndia/ rUS= (yIndia / yUS)^(ÃŽ ² -1)/ ÃŽ ². Plugging the data from 1988 in, we find that the marginal product of India should be 58 times that of the USA, as a result of which all investment should flow from the US to India. This is where the paradox lies-in reality such flows are not observed. The law of diminishing returns implies that the marginal productivity of capital will be higher in poorer countries. If this model is correct, and the capital markets are free and complete, investment should take place in India and other poor countries, and not in the USA or other richer countres... ...11. 3. Michael A. Clemens. (2002). Do Rich Countries InvestLess in Poor Countries thanthe Poor Countries Themselves?†. Available: www.jstor.com. Last accessed 20th Jan 2011. 4. Jonathan Eaton Mark Gersovitz Joseph E. Stiglitz. (1986). THE PURE THOERY OF COUNTRY RISK. Available: http://www.nber.org/papers/w1894.pdf. Last accessed 20th Jan 2011. 5. Wei, Shang-Jin. (2000). Local Corruption and Global Capital FlowsComment and Discussion. Available: www.jstor.com. Last accessed 20th Jan 2011. 6. Ays ¸e Y. Evrensel. (2004). Lending to developing countries revisited: changing nature of lenders and payment problems. Available: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&_imagekey=B6W8Y-4DS906V-1-1&_cdi=6667&_user=128590&_pii=S0939362504000615&_origin=search&_coverDate=09/01/2004&_sk=999719996&view=c&wchp=dGLbVzW-zSkWA&md5. Last accessed 20th Jan 2011. 7. Lecture Notes

Movie Analysis: A Walk to Remember Essay

A Walk To Remember is a romantic movie based on a novel by Nicholas Sparks. It is a 2002 Warner Bros film which starred the 90s pop singer Mandy Moore as the demure, religious, and bookish Jamie Sullivan and punk rock musician Shane West as the popular but rebellious Landon Carter. Directed by Adam Shankman, the story is set in the small town of Beaufort, North Carolina. Landon and his entourage of hooligans have an initiation ritual which, as usual, involved some defiance of authority. One night, after drinking, Landon and his clique trespassed in a cement factory and decided to jump into a pond only in their underwear. While doing their inanities, one of their friends got hurt from jumping off from the cement apparatus. They panicked and got the attention of the security guard so they decided to run away. All of them were able to escape except Landon and his friend who was still unconsciously lying beside the pond. Because he’s still a minor, he’s punishment was doing after-school community service and participating in a school play. Joining the school play got him involved with Jamie Sullivan, the reverend’s daughter who had nothing in common with him. Jamie was dedicated in everything she does and excelled in school. Because of her Baptist upbringing, she often wears the same old and loose sweater and that created an impression of â€Å"oddity† from others. This usual faà §ade of hers made Landon cold and distant from her. At first, he was only using Jamie to help him memorize the lines in the play. But as he spent more time with her, he discovered the real Jamie and realized that she’s far from the person he thought she was. In the final act of the play, he got astounded by Jamie’s beauty as she sang Only Hope with her melodic voice. It was the first time she ever saw Jamie all made up. He got carried away and kissed Jamie even though it was not part of the script. After the play, he tried to be closer to her and to make up for all the offensive things he said and did. But Jamie just kept pushing him away. Not until Langdon’s friends publicly humiliated Jamie in school by placing a picture of her head in body of an indecently dressed woman. This embarrassed Jamie so much. Though he knew it would ruin his relationship  with his friends, Landon took Jamie’s side and defended her. He then gained Jamie’s trust again and Jamie did not avoid him anymore. Landon continued to do special things for Jamie by taking her to a date, buying a new sweater for her, and taking her to special places. Not long after, he started to develop strong feelings for her, something he did not expect to do. But a heart-breaking secret becomes known that puts their relationship to the test, Jamie confessed to Langdon that she had leukemia and had stopped responding to treatments. Despite of this, Langdon still held on with her. He was there when she needed him the most and fulfilled the most important wish in her wish list – to get married in the church where her deceased mother also got married. The actors Shane West and Mandy Moore have chemistry with each other. Both have portrayed their characters well. Mandy Moore’s voice was an asset in the movie. The part where he sang the Only Hope was the most unforgettable and amazing part she did. She’s also the voice behind most of the soundtracks the movie used such us Cry, Lighthouse, and Someday We’ll Know. The musical directors have chosen songs that perfectly fit the scenes in the movie. An example was the part where Landon danced along with her mother and the song was â€Å"Mother, we just can’t get enough† by the New Radicals. The songs are also remarkable that whenever the song Cry is heard, people who have watched would always associate it with the movie. Other soundtracks were also recorded by the Switchfoot band. Another positive thing about the movie is that it did not end with Jamie on the death bed. It just showed Landon watching the sunset smiling and still believing that Jamie is still with him. Like the air, he couldn’t see her, but he could feel her. That created an optimistic ending for the movie. The movie fits all ages. Though it is a romantic film, it is wholesome. Jamie and Landon did not go beyond kissing. It also teaches the audience the true essence of faith, forgiveness, and love. Faith was manifested by Jamie and her father who did not lose their trust in God despite Jamie having leukemia. Forgiveness was also shown when Shane pardoned his friends who  hurt and despised him and his father who left him for another woman. And love was omnipresent all throughout the movie. The reality of death was not a hindrance for Jamie and Landon’s love for each other; it wasn’t a reason to lose their faith in God. Indeed, love never fails. Over all, it’s a must-see movie. It’s a movie for those who wants to know what love is, who wants to be in love, and who are already in love and wants to stay in it. It’s a timeless movie that would surely make one’s heart melt in awe.